Concrete Technology

a)Ingredient used to manufacture concrete-Coarse aggregate,Fine aggregate,Water,Admixture &Minerals                                                                       admixture if required.
b)Fine aggregates:

• There are four zone of fine aggregate (Zone I,II,III,IV)
• Coarse ,Medium ,Fine , Very fine (Definition of all zone of sand)
• Generally we consider 1500 kg/m3 as a bulk density of sand 
• By doing gradation of sand we can identify the zone defined for that sand.
• Sieve required for the gradation

• we check silt content of sand which in general should be less than 6% (refer IS 2386 part-3)
• Sand plays very vital role in concrete as it is pore filling materials and by combining with the cement it becomes a binding materials and while doing the trial mix we always suppose to use fresh sand and have to collect the sand after digging to 1 to 1.5 meter below the top surface of BIN from the batching plant .
• Bulking of sand is also the important factor .
• generally for the construction of Bridges and via duct elevated flyover we use Zone II sand in making the concrete.